ELD & Logs
Most interstate CMV drivers who must keep a record of duty status (RODS) have to use a registered electronic logging device (ELD). Here's when paper logs are still allowed, in plain words.
When paper (or no) logs are OK
Short-haul exception: no RODS at all
If you stay within 150 air miles (172.6 statute miles) of your normal work reporting location and are released within 14 hours (property drivers also need 10 hours off between shifts), you don't need a RODS or an ELD. Your carrier keeps time records instead: start and end times and total hours each day.
8 days or fewer in 30
A driver who needs a RODS on no more than 8 days in any 30-day period can use paper graph-grid logs instead of an ELD.
Older engines: before model year 2000
Trucks made before model year 2000 can run paper logs. The rule looks at the model year in the VIN on the registration. A newer engine in an older glider can change that, so check.
Driveaway-towaway
Paper logs are OK when the vehicle you're driving is part of the shipment being delivered, or when the vehicle being moved is a motor home or RV trailer.
ELD malfunction
Driver: note the problem and tell your carrier in writing within 24 hours. Rebuild today's log and the past 7 days on paper (unless you already have them or the ELD can pull them up), then keep running paper graph-grid logs until the ELD is fixed.
Carrier: must repair or replace the ELD within 8 days of finding out, unless FMCSA grants an extension (ask within 5 days).
What a paper log needs
A 24-hour graph grid with 4 lines (Off Duty, Sleeper Berth, Driving, On Duty not driving), totals that add up to 24, the date, total miles, truck/trailer number, carrier name and main office address, home terminal, co-driver, the city and state at every duty change, the shipping doc number, and your signature.
10-4 on revoked ELDs
If your ELD is on FMCSA's Revoked list, FMCSA's notice usually gives carriers up to 60 days to switch to a registered device. Check the notice for your exact date. In the meantime, stop using the revoked device and run paper logs or logging software. After that date, it counts as having no RODS, and that can put you out of service.
Keep a backup in the cab
Paper Log Book Page (RODS): 24-hour graph grid in the 395.8 layout, printable and fillable.
Get the paper log »Know your hours
Hours of Service Quick Reference Card: the 11, 14, 30-minute and 60/70 rules on one page.
Get the HOS card »General info only, not legal advice. These are summaries of 49 CFR Part 395 and FMCSA ELD notices. Rules and exceptions have conditions and change over time. Confirm with FMCSA, your state, or a licensed professional before relying on them.